Health Facilities Purpose The Terminology

Question: You have to think about your clinical experience to date and distinguish an issue important to research, for example, wound consideration, nursing care strategies and so forth. You are then required to build up a quality improvement proposition on this subject of intrigue. The substance of the proposition will include: the foundation and hugeness of the task; proclamation of the issue; essentialness or significance of the issue; the reason of the venture/or clinical inquiry; suppositions and definitions; survey of related writing; layout of the undertaking method; utilization of proper improvement approach and so forth. Answer: Presentation Foundation Every day in wellbeing offices, the obligation of thinking about the patients is moved from one or a group of care suppliers to another. This activity emerges in an occupied and interruptive setting which ordinarily depicts an emergency clinic. This procedure is known as handover, handoff or end-of-move report. It is fundamentally done through correspondence and in this way, for this undertakings reason, the phrasing handoff will be utilized. Data, obligation, and authority are the three major things that are moved for the continuation of care or the executives as arranged (Farhan, Brown, Vincent, Woloshynowych, 2011). Different clinic areas, for example, the crisis office have the issue of congestion and overburdening, and they generally handle basic cases that require most extreme consideration. It implies that the handoff procedure must be careful to stay away from any improbable circumstances, for example, delays in treatment, unsatisfactory mediations, and patients leaving without being taken care of, and more regrettable off, superfluous passings. Every now and again, handoffs have been directed in different ways, and they rely upon the jobs of the guardian, customs, conditions and progressions (Fernando, Adshead, Dev, Fernando, 2013). The use of a normalized handoff rule has been recognized as the most effective method of guaranteeing the patient is securely overseen. A data arrangement of overseeing clinical subtleties known as Electronic Medical Record (EMR) is devoted to the control, assortment, profiting and capacity of patient data that can help in the conveyance of care (Han, 2014). A portion of these frameworks are programmed and handle data, for example, specialists remedies, nursing care notes, results from the research facility and others. Since there comes up short on a legitimate procedure of normalizing handoffs, the capability of EMR isn't expanded. While handoffs happen at all clinic divisions, this undertaking centers around those that happen between the crisis office and the nursing staff of the inpatient unit. Noteworthiness The handoff procedure was set for certain changes as an objective under the National Patient Safety program. The patients data move is a basic issue in that any interference of correspondence among medicinal services suppliers has added to the occasions alluded to as Sentinel. The Joint Commission (TJC) characterizes a sentinel occasion as a startling happening that may cause genuine mental or physical hindrances, and even demise to at least one patients, additionally, it isn't credited to the patients sickness as a characteristic course. For example, injury because of the steady supplanting of a given drug with another (The National Patient Safety Foundation and the AAPM, 2013). Identifying with sentinel occasions, it has been built up that between 64%-74% of the events are identified with a breakdown in correspondence (Weyand, Kang, Junck, Heiner, 2014). Ineffectively imparted handoffs have been distinguished as the reason for poor patient fulfillment, deferred remedy and treatment, and expanded affirmation of patients with minor issues. The most revealed issues incorporate forgetting about fundamental data and its confusion. Plans have been built up to amplify the utilization of EMR for normalization of handoffs. It is improbable that a large portion of the data is shared verbally than it is recorded in EMR. Likewise, a few factors, for example, work culture, convention, and setting confuse the utilization of EMR in social insurance offices (The National Patient Safety Foundation and the AAPM, 2013). Nursing suggestions. As much as an organized procedure of correspondence has been set up to control nursing practice, there is no proof proposing best practice in handoffs. Specialists have not done a quality report about the subject. Examples of correspondence among specialists and attendants had the most elevated interference rates at 30%. This finding on medical caretakers and doctors correspondence additionally affirms that insights concerning the patients exchanging condition and needs are insufficient and therefore makes a progression of mistakes in sensible cases. The aim of handoffs is guaranteeing that there is congruity of care, distinguish and convey a patient reaction to mediations and address any adjustments in the state of the patient. Lingard (2014) underscores that the focal point of value results in collaboration is correspondence (Goldszmidt, Dornan, Lingard, 2014). Care of patients is a mind boggling action where distinctive wellbeing laborers work together in an offer to reestablish full usefulness. A medicinal services condition has a great deal of blended issues going from interferences, disorder, misery and others. It is basic to appreciate the uniqueness of the setting of handoffs process during confirmation from the crisis division. It was set up that vulnerabilities in data innovation, correspondence, nature, portion of obligations and stream of patients impact the crisis office handoffs. This task is intended to give a chance to medical attendants from all frameworks to comprehend handoff as a nursing methodology and draw in them in defining the most ideal path workable for quality improvement. A chance to improve care is basic to propelling the nursing calling (Duncan, Montalvo, Dunton, 2011). Issue Statement. The subtleties introduced by a medical caretaker working to another or other consideration suppliers during a difference in shifts is urgent for the administration of the patient. A noteworthy number of patients may pass on in view of insufficient arrangement of handoff data. Achievement in the general result of treatment and care in crisis division turns on the idea of normalized handoffs. Valuable time might be squandered on the ignorant points of interest, for example, accessibility of lab results. For example, passing up the fundamental issues like conveying the reason for the patients issue as unpolished injury may prompt a great deal of time wastage rather than a quick mediation through medical procedure and serious consideration treatment. An examination did on 264 doctors of the crisis office distinguished that 31% of the respondents detailed in any event one antagonistic occasion credited to handoffs. A comparative report noticed that 74% of the handoffs are led in a typical region inside the office. 90% of them announced that there is no strategy with respect to the procedure. half demonstrated that the doctors get tolerant data verbally from the medical caretakers and their associates. They state it gets uncontrolled when they acclimate with one another (Flanigan, Heilman, Johnson, Yarris, 2015). A survey of the writing demonstrates that there is a critical mortality and dreariness caused when wellbeing laborers postpone starting best practice mediations in view of frail between move reports. Concerning this task, a considerable lot of research has been attempted abroad. There is the restricted writing on explore about this subject especially in the field of nursing in Australia (Bish, Kenny, Nay, 2013). Hugeness Of The Problem The proposition is fundamental for attendants and other wellbeing laborers since it would give rules on a portion of the critical methods for improving handoffs and at last the results of wellbeing intercessions. They would pick up information and aptitude in wellbeing advancement and fast reaction in a crisis division as the cures address the crisis reaction which incorporates between move moves. Besides, patients and families would be illuminated on their privileges in a crisis division with the goal that quality is constantly anticipated. Proficient advancement would likewise be encouraged particularly the callings of nursing and medication as the venture fuses neighborhood and universal strategies on medicinal services. Reason Of The Project The conscious numbness of utilizing handoff rules by medical attendants and other social insurance suppliers isn't right and must be reformatory. Moreover, a large portion of the medical clinics don't lay the best techniques in helping patients and urging their staff to maintain best practice in all divisions, explicitly the crisis area. Likewise, there are insufficient nursing calling put together research concentrates with respect to the subject consequently advancing the uncontrolled issues in the handoff procedure. The most ideal method of improving adherence to the rules is the utilization of EMR and activating cognizance in each medicinal services proficient to streamline moral standards, for example, do no damage and regard for mankind (Halstead, 2012). Suppositions And Definition Of Terms Suppositions. The presumptions recognized about the significance of this proposition incorporate; All the crisis offices have an unmistakable approach on the handoff procedure. It is on the grounds that the task distinguishes holes in the approaches and proposes how quality can be improved. All medical clinics have a crisis division and in-quiet segments so that there is at any rate an underlying administration of cases before they are alluded; this is on the grounds that the undertaking centers around handoffs between a crisis office and the inpatient area. The clinics have the capacity of introducing EMR frameworks. It is a suggestion in this task to help improve handoff and advance great patient results. The nursing writing on the point is adequate to make sound proposals regarding the matter. All medical clinics have adequate staff who are engaged with the handoff procedure. Fulfillment of the accessible r

Shakespeares Hamlet Essays: Claudius - Guilty or Innocent? :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Claudius: Guilty or Innocent?â â William Shakespeare's Hamlet is a play that recounts a youngster, Hamlet, who needed vengeance for the demise of his dad. Subsequent to talking with his dad's soul, Hamlet was persuaded that the individual who killed his dad was his uncle, Claudius. Claudius slaughters his sibling for the most part in view of envy, the crown, the sovereign and a contempt of his sibling. Hence Claudius is blameworthy of the homicide of his sibling. Claudius executed his brothe chiefly because,he was desirous that his sibling had it made. He had his realm, a delightful queen(Queen Gertrude),and his son(Prince Hamlet) which would've assumed control over the realm when he kicked the bucket aside from Claudius, his own sibling, murdered him. We can see confirmation of Claudius' desire when Claudius hands Cornelius and Voltemand a bit of paper. What's more, Claudius says, However yet of Hamlet our dear sibling's demise the memory be green, and that it us befitted to hold up under our souls in distress, and our entire realm to be contracted in one temple of hardship, yet so far hath carefulness battled with nature that we with recognition of ourselves(pg.21). Right there he's colloquialism that his sibling's passing in memory be green, which means perhaps the green-looked at beast of desire. He was unable to remain to see his sibling upbeat so he chose to murder him. Claudius feels remorseful about executing his sibling. We can see Claudius;s regret when he is conversing with God and gives his monolog about his homicide. In this way, Claudius says, My more grounded blame annihilations my solid intent(pg.165). This statement demonstrates that Claudius understands that he committed an error and he likewise understands that he can't put everything behind him as mich as he needs to. Everything reminds him about his sibling, the realm, the sovereign and the crown. Claudius isn't in an ideal situation since he has executed King Hamlet. We can see confirmation of this when Claudius is giving his monolog. Claudius says, Pardon me my foul homicide? That can't be, since I am as yet had of those impacts for which I did the murder:My crown, mine own desire, and my queen(pg.

How to Navigate the Financial Side of Dating

How to Navigate the Financial Side of Dating How to Navigate the Financial Side of Dating How to Navigate the Financial Side of DatingMoneys difficult enough to deal with on your own. Add dating to the mix and youve got a whole host of potential headaches on the horizon.Dating is tough. And it’s been tough forever. Cave people never knew when a lovely, romantic evening would be interrupted by a rampaging woolly mammoth. An Aztec couple holding hands as they walked next to the waters of Tenochtitlan didn’t know when their stroll would be interrupted by a rampaging conquistador. And good luck convincing anyone to get a cup of coffee with you when you’re suffering from the Plague.These days, dating isn’t quite as deadly, but it still has its own set of issues to navigate. And one major vector of those issues is financial. Money can be awkward to talk about, even if it’s with someone you’ve known for a very long time, let alone someone you’re meeting for the first few times.But fear not! We’ve got experts in both dating AND finances, and they’re here to help ! Who pays for dinner?We’ll just get the most obvious question out of the way first. Who should pay for the meal?Almost a century of conventional dating wisdom maintained that the man would pay for the meal. But there are clearly a lot of reasons to reexamine this assumption. Most glaringly, there could be two men on the date. Or no men! Beyond that, this standard was set when the expectation was that men were the ones who worked and pulled a paycheck and women generally did not.Thankfully we’ve made a lot of progress since that time, but it does mean  you may have to consider some different approaches when it comes to the cost of the meal.“When going on a first date with someone, typically, the person who asked the other out should pay for the bill,” Holly Zink, a lifestyle expert for  Kiwi Searches  (@kiwisearches), told us. “However, if the tab is a lot, the check should be split. After the first couple of dates, you can alternate between who pays the bill. From a woman s perspective, its always a turn-on and chivalrous when a man at least offers to pay.”Another contributor also offered a positive take on the traditional approach.“When you’re first dating, and the first date in particular, who pays can be about as awkward as it gets,” cautioned Vivek Jain, CPA, co-creator of new dating app LOKO (@LOKOforlove). “I’m old fashioned when it comes to this, so I’m of the belief the man should always pay for the first dateâ€"at least make that gestureâ€"and if it leads to a conversation then who ultimately pays how much can be decided together.”There may not be one approach that will work for any given two sets of people, but the most important thing is to communicate openly, especially if you’re hoping these early dates could grow into a relationship.“If you find that you are wanting to enter into a long term relationship with one another, alternating paying the bill, or always splitting half and half can be something you discuss,” advised Justin Lavelle, Chief Communications Officer at  BeenVerified.com (@BeenVerified). “This issue is really best decided by the parties involved. Everyone is different, so it is important to set feelings and boundaries early and as they come.”Money issues can persist past the first few dates.Katie Ziskind, therapist and owner of  Wisdom Within Counseling, explained how these seemingly simple financial conflicts can actually reflect deeper financial anxieties a couple will have to reconcile if they’re looking to stay together:“When I see couples in my therapy office, financial issues are a big topic. If one person in the couple makes more money, often this person will pay for dinners out at restaurants. This is often a couple that has been together long term.“However, even if this is agreed upon, the person who makes less money still has to process their money issues, shame about not making as much money, and the feelings about their childhood and how money was used in their family growing up.Money issues are rooted deeply back into childhood and often relate to how money was used as a privilege or a form of love. Some families use money to replace emotional connection, which leads to issues in romantic relationships as adults.If you grew up without having a lot of money, and now you have a great job, you may feel very proud to pay for yourself or for your date regardless of your gender.”Talking about the future.Communication only becomes more important as the relationship grows increasingly serious. It’s good to start having these conversations early on, though it may be good to take a light touch.“You can mention your future goals, and make implications about money, early on in the relationship without necessarily making it a conversation about money,” suggested Leslie H. Tayne Esq. (@LeslieHTayneEsq), Founder and Head Attorney at  Tayne Law Group (@taynelawgroup).“For example, you can mention that you’d like to settle down in a dif ferent state eventually. This is a general statement about your future goals but implies that you’d probably like to buy a house and will need to pay for the move.As the relationship progresses, conversations about future goals should become more explicit. Having differing goals for the future can be a major problem in a relationship and is something that should be addressed as early as possible.”BYOD.When you get into a relationship with someone, you’re also getting into a relationship with their debt. So it’s good to know what you’re both getting into at the start.“Debt can be a tricky subject when dating, particularly if one or both of you have a lot of it,” warned Tayne. “Once again, honesty is the best policy, particularly if the relationship is on the path to being a serious one.You don’t necessarily need to reveal your entire financial situation right away, but being upfront about the fact that you have debt will allow you and your partner to navigate the fi nancial aspects of your relationship.”Gifts of a fun guy (or girl).Giving gifts can be an important part of both emerging and long-running relationships. But it’s also yet another area where financial awkwardness can rear its head.“When dating someone, that person will likely give you gifts,” Zink explained. “However, if these gifts are way too expensive or they are given too often, this is a money concern to address.To start, show your appreciation and gratitude for the gifts. Then, discuss with them some ground rules for gift giving, such as only giving gifts on holidays, birthdays, and other occasions.”Moving on in.If you’re together long enough, you may consider moving into the same place. As you could probably guess, this also comes with its own set of financial challenges.“Living together presents even more financial possibilities,” warned Lavelle. “Does one of you want the other or want yourself to be the established breadwinner? Are you both in agreement on one of you paying the lion’s share of the household expenses? If not, set up a reasonable budget that the two of you can afford while contributing equally.There are many ways to split up expenses, so be sure to communicate and be honest about both of your expectations and abilities. Maybe one of you makes significantly more and the other is struggling to pay half of everything. If this is the case, the one making less can try taking on one or two smaller bills instead of half of all of them.”Finding the right person would be difficult even if money weren’t a factor. While we can’t help you find the one, these tips will hopefully make navigating the money part of dating a bit easier. To learn more about managing your finances, check out these related posts and articles from OppLoans:The (Comprehensive) Couple’s Guide To Budgeting8 Good Habits to Get Your Financesâ€"and Your Lifeâ€"on TrackFrom Budget to Baller: 6 Tips to Grow Your Money8 Ways To Save Money Today, Tomorro w and Every Day AfterHow do you handle money issues when youre dating?  We want to hear from you! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |  InstagramContributorsVivek Jain is a seasoned entrepreneur and finance executive. He is the co-creator and CEO of  LOKO (@LOKOforlove), the first video-only dating app on the market. Prior to focusing his time on LOKO, he co-founded what has now become the Fan-Controlled Football League (FCFL) after spending a number of years in venture capital and finance.Justin Lavelle  is a Scams Prevention Expert and the Chief Communications Officer of  BeenVerified.com (@BeenVerified). BeenVerified is a leading source of online background checks and contact information. It helps people discover, understand and use public data in their everyday lives and can provide peace of mind by offering a fast, easy and affordable way to do background checks on potential dates. BeenVerified allows individuals to find more information about people, phone numbers, email addresses,  and property records.Leslie H. Tayne, Esq.  (@LeslieHTayneEsq) has nearly 20 years’ experience in the practice area of consumer and business financial debt-related services. Leslie is the founder and head attorney at  Tayne Law Group  (@taynelawgroup), which specializes in debt relief.Holly Zink is a tech and security expert for  Kiwi Searches  (@kiwisearches). She is up-to-date on the latest security issues, from online scams to identity theft.Katie Ziskind is a licensed marriage and family therapist, a 500-hour registered yoga teacher, and owner of  Wisdom Within Counseling. Wisdom Within Counseling, near East Lyme, Connecticut, is a practice that uses a holistic, integrative approach. Art, yoga, music, and outdoor therapies are woven together with talk therapy. Additionally, Wisdom Within Counseling is an LGBTQIA+ friendly and advocates for youth and adults. Teletherapy and distance options are available.

Funny Quotes for Graduation Speeches

If youve been asked to speak at a high school or college graduation or celebration, you may be searching for the perfect icebreaker. But how do you get a group of serious-minded students and their parents to crack a smile? Fortunately, plenty of famous (and not-so-famous) writers and orators have been in the same situation before you, and have come up with some clever, witty quotes to borrow. Funny Quotes About Education and Learning High schools and colleges take academics very seriously, but there is a funny side to learning! UnknownOne thing about the school of experience is that it will repeat the lesson if you flunk the first time. George ForemanI think sleeping was my problem in school. If  school  had started at 4:00 in the afternoon, Id be a  college graduate  today. Oscar WildeEducation  is an admirable thing, but it is well to remember from time to time that nothing worth knowing can be taught. Theodore  Roosevelt  A  man who has never gone to school may steal from a freight car. But if he has a university education, he may steal the whole railroad. Funny Quotes About Graduation Graduation is a formal event with lots of pomp and circumstance. Seen through the right lens, though, it is pretty funny! Robert OrbenA graduation ceremony is an event where the commencement speaker tells thousands of students dressed in identical caps and gowns that individuality is the key to success. Gary BoldingYour families are extremely proud of you. You cant imagine the sense of relief they are experiencing. This would be a most opportune time to ask for money. Doug LarsonThe trouble with learning from experience is that you never graduate. James DarcyIt was only when I finished the course and left my graduation diploma on the bus that I realized Id become an actor. Garry TrudeauCommencement speeches were invented largely in the belief that outgoing college students should never be released into the world until they have been properly sedated. Robert GoheenIf you feel that you have both feet planted on level ground, then the university has failed you. UnknownThe tassel’s worth the hassle! Erma Bombeck  Graduation day is tough for adults. They go to the ceremony as parents. They come home as contemporaries. After twenty-two years of child-raising, they are unemployed.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Jon StewartThe unfortunate, yet truly exciting thing about your life, is that there is no core curriculum. The entire place is an elective. Bill Watterson  So, what’s it like in the real world? Well, the food is better, but beyond that, I don’t recommend it. Funny Quotes About Succeeding in Life Most commencement speakers have something to say about success in life and the road ahead. Here are some quotes to add a little humor to your sage advice. ProverbYou cannot get to the top by sitting on your bottom. Ed HelmsSo long as your desire to explore is greater than your desire to not screw up, youre on the right track. Frank A. Clark  If you can find a path with no obstacles, it probably doesnt lead anywhere. UnknownAll that stands between the graduate and the top of the ladder is the ladder.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ellen DeGeneres  Follow your passion, stay true to yourself, never follow someone elses path unless you’re in the woods and you’re lost and you see a path then by all means you should follow that.

Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and Science Fiction

Argumentative Synthesis Between Ryfle and Sontag Many differences can be seen between Steve Ryfle’s article â€Å"Godzilla’s Footprint† and Susan Sontag’s well known 1965 article â€Å"Imagination of Disaster† as Ryfle talks about the Japanese’s imagination perspective while Sontag talks about the American imagination perspective of there view points on science fiction films. Furthermore, Ryfle takes an intensive approach toward Godzilla has he provides evidence that advances his argument with the help of Susan Napier’s article â€Å"Panic Sites† where she demonstrated key points toward Japanese science fiction films and relate to Ryfle’s point of view. Whereas the famous Feminist write of the 1950’s and 60’s, Sontag disagrees with Ryfle on his idea and†¦show more content†¦Many Japanese viewers went and watched the movie, leaving the theatre in tears due to the scenes relating so vividly to the events that occurred. One such occurrence included t he lucky dragon incident, which involved a tuna trawler that trekked dangerously close to an H-bomb test site, resulting in radiation poisoning to the crew members. Along with this imagery, a still illustration of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in ashes after being hit by Godzilla symbolizes the attack of atomic bombs by the Americans. This visual resembles how both cities looked after they had been attacked by the atomic bombs. After the successful release of the film, Japanese critics accused the directors of cashing in on national hysteria, and thus were not pleased. To support Ryfle’s argument, Susan Napier partially agrees with what Ryfle has to say in her article, â€Å"Panic Sites,† by stating that â€Å"the notion of disaster is of course not the only theme in Japanese science fiction† (Napier 330)—meaning that the aesthetic concentration of disaster is not always praising the special effects but moreover looking at the effects of disaster. Furthermore, she states, â€Å"The film offered its immediate post war Japanese audience an experience that was both cathartic and compensatory, allowing them to rewrite or at least to re-imagine their wartime experience† (Napier 330). They both conclude that certain science fiction movies have intensive dramatics as well as something important toShow MoreRelatedAtomic Bombs Were Dropped On The Japanese Cities Of Hiroshima And Nagasaki1459 Words   |  6 Pages Two atomic bombs were dropped on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August of 1945. This decision brought about many consequences on both Americans and Japanese. By the 1940s the creation of atomic weaponry became possible â€Å"because of Italian scientists Enrico Fermi’s discovery of the radioactivity of uranium in the 1930s† (Brinkley 638). Eventually this spread to the United States, and it was undertaken by military. 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Employee Rights Managing Discipline Free Essays

Employee Rights Managing Discipline All corporations strive to have strong employee relations, recognizing employee rights and effectively administering discipline are two vital aspects of developing this relationship. These aspects, meticulously executed, generate increased job satisfaction amongst employees and improved performance. Identifying and observing various employee rights is an integral piece of managing discipline. We will write a custom essay sample on Employee Rights Managing Discipline or any similar topic only for you Order Now Management must be cognizant of these employee rights, divided into three separate categories: statutory rights, contractual rights, and other rights (Gomez-Mejia, Balkin, and Cardy 441). Statutory rights, particular rights protected by specific legislation are often regulated by an agency of a state or federal government. A crucial right, developed by the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is the protection from discrimination based on race, sex, religion, national origin, age, or handicap. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission of the federal government monitors employers to ensure that current and/or potential employees do not suffer from unfair discrimination. Protection against unsafe or unhealthy working conditions, another vital statutory right, falls under the regulation of Occupational Safety and Health Administration (Gomez-Mejia, Balkin, and Cardy 441). Contractual rights, granted by the law of contracts, derived from a legally binding promise created by two or more competent parties with remedies for non-compliance are another key element. Employment contracts, a classic example, clearly define the terms and conditions of employment for all involved parties. An advantage of such contracts entitles an employee to compensation if he/she is discharged for reasons other than nonperformance; this particular privilege is usually only available to individually negotiated contracts. Yet, benefits sheltered by union contracts include the right to due process and wrongful discharge remedies. Due process, the impartial investigation of disciplinary actions allow members under a union contract to claim back pay and other job rights if found to have been wrongfully discharged (Gomez-Mejia, Balkin, and Cardy 441-442). However, these contracts are rare in the work force; most individuals, commonly employed at will, grant employer and/or employee an opportunity to terminate the relationship at any time for any cause. Employee rights, neither statutory nor contractual are other rights, encompassing, the right to ethical treatment, a limited right to privacy, and a limited right to free speech. Fair and ethical treatment by an employer is a reasonable expectation of employees, thus management needs to devise a culture promoting such treatment. Developing this culture include, but not limited to, techniques, such as, developing trust, acting consistently, demonstrating integrity, and ensuring that employees are treated equitably. Incorporating some of these practices will aid organizations to avoid high turnover rates, which can be damaging to the bottom line. The limited right to privacy, another defined other right, enables employees from unreasonable and unwarranted invasions of their personal affairs. Searches of an employee’s personal workspace or listening to their conversations should be limited situations initiated by reasonable cause or acquiring prior consent. Mark Dupont and Roy Clarke, shareholders of Richards, Watson, Gershon, outline an effective method in which a corporation can acquire consent from employees: â€Å"Cover everything. Make the policy as broad as possible to cover all types of electronic communications that occur on work equipment, including those that may be developed and implemented in the future [cell phone, e-mail, text messaging, instant messaging, and so forth). The policy should be set up to evolve with the rapid pace of technology. . . Make sure the policy matches practice. . . Take care that mid-level managers do not undermine the policy with stray comments and assurances that are contrary to the policy. Make sure that the policy matches up with actual practice. If the policy intends a no-personal-use policy, do not undermine that directive with mixed messages. It is also advisable to have employees sign an acknowledgement that they have read and understand the policy, . . At the same time, make sure the policy is practical if incidental personal use is inevitable, understand the implications of such a policy, and address it (Privacy rights). Another privacy issue arises from the handling of employees’ personnel files, containing sensitive personal information. These essential files ought to be available only to a limited population of the corporation in order to protect an employee’s privacy. Individuals vigorously protect the right to free speech, a cornerstone of the U. S. Constitution; nonetheless, this is limited within the private secto r. An employee publicly disagreeing with corporate strategies is to expect discipline. Moreover, inflammatory or abusive language insulting superiors, peers, and/or clients warrant negative onsequences (Gomez-Mejia, Balkin, and Cardy 442-445). Successful implementation of discipline while adhering to the standards and expectations of employee rights does encounter adversity; random drug testing, whistle blowing, and the restriction of office romances consist of a few challenges management must confront (Gomez-Mejia, Balkin, and Cardy 447). Many employees view random drug testing as a direct violation of their right to privacy, claiming the practice is an unreasonable invasion. The intent of random drug testing is to create a safer work environment by the most equitable means, but it continually meets resistance. Therefore, many private corporations have opted for other avenues to ensure workplace safety. One method utilized by private firms is pre-employment drug testing, a test given to all potential employees, as a step in the hiring process dissipates tension between employee and management concerning the issue, in essence, an applicant’s failure of this drug test enables a firm the right not to extend an employment opportunity. Another alternative is probable cause drug testing, occurring when an employee engages in unsafe or suspicious behavior. Both forms of testing do not arise randomly, but transpire for a predetermined reason, alleviating the issue of invasion of privacy (Gomez-Mejia, Balkin, and Cardy 447-449). The act of whistle blowing, an instance when an employee discloses illegal, immoral, or illegitimate practices of an employer, presents another delicate situation for corporations. A whistle blowing incident requires a tempered response from a firm’s management team, compelling them to retain authority without trampling an employee’s right to free speech. Managers must refrain from behaving inappropriately and encouraging dire measures, such as, ostracizing, harassing, or firing the vocal employee. Despite a reasonable response from management, whistle blowing is still a risky endeavor and an individual should accumulate the proper documentation before going forward. Yet, such undertakings have produced valuable legislation; the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, provides protection to whistle blowers and holds offending parties accountable for their infractions (Gomez-Mejia, Balkin, and Cardy 451-453). Administering restrictions on office romances commands another balancing act from managers. Management must determine the appropriate measures to limit the firm’s liability from sexual harassment litigation, but not infringe upon employees’ off-duty relationships and behaviors, invading their privacy. A few corporations elect to establish a no-dating policy even with this policy’s drawbacks; namely, the difficulty of enforcing the policy or being compelled to terminate a valuable employee for a violation of this policy despite no illegal activity occurring. Conversely, other firms encourage office romances acknowledging the benefits of a happier and more stable work force. These two scenarios are the extremes, most companies find comfort with the middle ground of neither condemning nor condoning office romances, rather accepting them as long as they do not involve a supervisor and his/her direct subordinate (Gomez-Mejia, Balkin, and Cardy 453-454). Effectively disciplining employees while respecting their rights may be cumbersome, but two different approaches, commonly used, are a progressive style and a positive style of discipline, both consisting of the manager discussing questionable behavior with an employee (Gomez-Mejia, Balkin, and Cardy 454). Progressive discipline, multiple interactions giving employees opportunities to correct deviant behavior before dismissal, typically addressing minor infractions comprise of three to five steps. The initial step, a verbal warning, describes the behavioral miscue and notifies the employee of possible consequences if the undesired behavior persists. An employee committing another infraction of the same policy within a specified period will be subjected to a written warning. This recorded documentation, entered into the employee’s personnel file, reiterates the issue and describes further repercussion if the problem continues. The severity of the situation increases with each successive step of the progressive discipline process, thus not heeding these warnings, an employee may face unpaid suspension and/or eventual discharge from a company (Gomez-Mejia, Balkin, and Cardy 455-456). Another multiple step form of discipline, positive discipline, is similar to the progressive method without the adversarial aspect. This process encourages cooperation among managers and employees, opening a dialogue to correct deficient behaviors. The first step involves a discussion of the poor performance and a verbal solution to the problem. If this proves ineffective, the subsequent step is another counseling session, but the agreed upon resolution is now documented. Squandering both these opportunities still results with the employee taking time away from the work, as with progressive discipline, however, under the positive method this is paid. This approach attempts to avoid ill-mannered behavior from the offending employee upon return with hope that the performance is improved, if not, separation of employment is the final action. While the initial implementation is costly and the administering of this method is time-consuming, both, managers and employees prefer this process. The cooperative construct of counseling eliminates apprehensions regarding discipline, creating managers more apt to intervene when an issue arises, fostering better working relationships with their employees (Gomez-Mejia, Balkin, and Cardy 455-457). Incorporating basic principles within the management of discipline regardless of the severity of the infraction creates uniformity and understanding. Management should communicate the rules, expectations, and performance criteria to all employees clearly, thus creating a workforce knowledgeable of the policies, procedures, and consequences of their violation. All information, properly documented, enables both, management and employees, to present and/or dispute only facts. Furthermore, discipline administered quickly, consistently, and without discrimination is the most effective. Michael S. Lavenantan, attorney at the law firm of Landegger Baron, specializing in labor employment law suggest: â€Å"To avoid liability for harassment, discrimination, or wrongful demotion or termination, every organization should train its supervisors to follow these six non-negotiable rules of discipline. 1. Be fair. 2. Be consistent 3. Be uniform. 4. Be honest. 5. Be objective. 6. Be prepared. Following these six rules will help you minimize liability when an employee makes a claim. Educating supervisors about these rules will give them the right balance between authority and receptivity. The result will be low turnover and high productivity for your organization† (The Art of Employee Discipline). In conclusion, recognizing employee rights and managing discipline is a complicated task requiring the attention to numerous details, yet, done in an efficient, effective manner will generate a stronger work force prepared to succeed. Works Cited Gomez-Mejia, Luis R. , David B. Balkin, and Robert L. Cardy. Managing Human Resources. 6th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2010. Print. Dupont, Norman, and Roy Clarke. â€Å"Privacy rights: employee use of electronic devices in the workplace. † Public Management 92. 10 (2010): 24+. Academic OneFile. Web. 30 Nov. 2010. Lavenant, M.. â€Å"THE ART OF EMPLOYEE DISCIPLINE: How to Retain Control Increase Production. † Nonprofit World 1 Jul 2010: ABI/INFORM Global, ProQuest. Web. 1 Dec. 2010. How to cite Employee Rights Managing Discipline, Essay examples

Promotional Strategy IMC for given Product

Introduction The following essay is the analysis of Porsche Dubai promotion strategy. The study contains suggestions on how the company may improve its integrated marketing communication program in order to increase its sales.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Promotional Strategy IMC for given Product specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The integrated marketing communication is a marketing strategy that incorporates all the aspects of marketing with an aim of increasing the brand visibility and sales. Market trend changes in different marketing strategies incorporated all together are crucial to ensure that the company promotes its products to boost its sales’ volume. The Analysis Porsche Dubai distributorship belongs to Al Nabooda Automobiles LLC that also owns the distributorship of other luxury cars, such as Audi and Lamborghini. The German based manufacturers of Porsche consider Dubai as one of the best ma rkets for luxury cars due to its high population with high disposable income. The company, therefore, has its own approach to market Porsche vehicles in Dubai (Alnoor 6). After analyzing the marketing mix of the company communication strategies in Dubai, the following are the results brought out based on the work done by the company. It indicates that the organization’s results are achieved from the activities done in the company, which are intended to promote the brand and create a positive image (Alnoor 6). In marketing Porsche in Dubai, the product as part of the marketing mix is perfectly designed to satisfy all the members of the society. It is a luxury sports car with high speed and efficiency levels (Kerry 107). Due to the good infrastructure-allowing racing of cars, the vehicle is particularly developed to suit Dubai with its desert terrain. Due to the high number of the millionaires in Dubai, especially the nationals, there is a high demand for the sports and luxury cars as they portray prestige. The fact that one has to wait for a year after ordering the car indicates the scarcity of the car in the market which increases its value as the laws of demands and supply dictate. The design and luxurious image of the car are great marketing tools for the company (Strokes 65).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The other major marketing mix tool applied by the Porsche Dubai is that of place. The company distributorship is located in Sheikh Zayed road, Dubai. The attractive showroom covers an area of nine thousand square feet, and offers a real customer experience to its clients by displaying different Porsche models. The financial section division has its own location where customers can make withdrawals and deposits in case they want to buy the automobile. There is a customer service and marketing departments where the customers may enquire and seek for clarifications (Khalifa 8). Concerning price as a marketing mix tool used by the company, the price of the luxury cars is very high as they are designed for the high-end market. Porsche is one of the most expensive vehicles; this makes it inaccessible to many people, but it increases its demands among luxury lovers and those seeking for prestige to reflect their high status (Khalifa 8). The promotion aspect of the marketing mix of Porsche is one of the most effective and the most used tool of marketing by the company. The company has various promotional activities intended to increase the product awareness as well as brand visibility. Some of these promotional activities include the Porsche World Road show that is intended to bring together Porsche lovers. The road show is an event where the product’s fans and the potential buyers are given an opportunity to test the luxury cars. At the same time, they interact with the product engineers and experts who demonstrate w ays of utilizing the car to the maximum. Another promotional strategy of the company is to attract a traditional sponsor of the Dubai Tennis League, which is held every year. The championship offers the company to market its products to the young rich people who are the potential buyers. The enthusiasm and the atmosphere generated by the Porsche popularize the car among the young people. The sponsorship of the event assists in creating brand awareness and brand visibility (Khalifa 7). As a part of the Porsche promotions, the company sponsors Porsche GTS Cup, which is a racing cup where the Porsche enthusiasts and owners compete among themselves in sporting races. The event helps gain customer loyalty and increases the positive image of the brand. The race aids to place the product as one of the best racing and sports car of choice in Dubai (Alnoor 4).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Promotional Strategy IMC for given Product specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Other than this, the company engages in promoting Porsche through extended warranty offers to the owners of the vehicle. The company has one of the longest car warranty policies of three years that is renewable. This makes the product reliable, and the customers are less worried about the car malfunctioning due to the long warranty. Unlike other dealers who offer one-year warranty, the warranty assures buyers of a better quality of service once the vehicle gets a problem. The warranty is also renewable after the three years if the customer still owns the vehicle (Khalifa 7). The long warranty period makes the Porsche dealership in Dubai have a long-term relationship with the customers, thereby enhancing customer’s loyalty. This explains why the company’s dealership is the most successful in terms of sale compared to any other Porsche dealership across the world. The strong connection between the customer and the manufactur er has led to the creation of PORSCHE Club where the owners of the car enjoy special treatment by the company in terms of repair and export of spare parts. The company also hosts dinners for the cars owners and provides them with an opportunity to share their experiences. This ensures promotion of the brand and customer loyalty (Khalifa 6). As part of its sales program, the company has different designs of Porsche sports car, thereby giving the owners an opportunity to harness and enjoy various designs of the product that will meet their needs. This also serves as an up selling sales strategy of the company where the company offers new designs to the existing customers. The company is a major sponsor of the Dubai golf championships. Golf being a luxury sport attracts the attention of the majority of people with disposable income. Sponsoring this event creates appositive brand image for the target market in the country. The event also offers an opportunity for the company to display its product to the public and position it as a high-end luxury product (Khalifa 6). The marketing strategies of the dealership are excellent though the recent global financial crises made a large number of people adjust their budgets to cope with the recession. This affected the performance of the company in Dubai like in other parts of the world. This calls for the company to strategize its marketing mix to handle the global crises. The integrated marketing communication will certainly suit the company even after the recession (Strokes 19).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Anther reason why the company is in need of the integrated marketing communication is due to the entry of other luxury models in the Dubai market. Due to the high number of people living in Dubai with high disposable income, many companies dealing with luxury cars have entered the Dubai market of the luxury cars making it more competitive than ever. The company has to look for a comprehensive marketing strategy to ensure that the high demand of the product experienced previously does not subside. Competing brands are the Volkswagen, Rolls Royce, Lamborghini, Audi, and Mercedes s- Class and Bentley (Khalifa 9). The changing demographics of Dubai indicate change in the market trends. In the past, only the nationals would buy the luxury vehicles. However, nowadays, due to the increased and diversified economy, even the expatriate workers have high disposable income and become some of the new buyers of the luxury vehicles. Other than the oil industry, the positioning of Dubai as a major international market has enabled the expatriates to have high income. The company must decide how to reach out to these buyers. This spells out why integrated marketing communication is imperative for the company. Considering the fact that the process of manufacturing the vehicles takes one year after the customer has made an order, there is need for the company to have an integrated marketing communication system to ensure that the potential buyers are not discouraged by the long waiting and do not buy cars from other dealerships. The integrated marketing will ensure that the customers are attended to it an appropriate manner. With the increased competition, the company must look for new ways of maintaining customer loyalty as the new entrants in the market may gain the customers over the existing brands. The integrated marketing will suit the company’s need to maintain the existing customers through integrated marketing communication systems (Khalifa 6). The following part of the essay will deal with the integrated marketing communication strategies necessary to ensure that the company succeeds and attains its objective of selling 300 vehicles every month by the year 2018. This can only be achieved when there are proper marketing mechanisms intended to reach out to the emerging market. The strategy must incorporate loyalty programs to satisfy the existing and forthcoming customers, which is very necessary (Khalifa 7). The integrated marketing communication is a radical marketing approach which is imperative for the company involved to ensure that the senior managers participate in the plan. In case of Porsche, some of the dealerships managers need to participate in the integrated marketing as without their input, the marketing efforts may experience challenges. The support of integrated communication program by all managers is crucial as it enhances cooperation among all the departments involved in the marketing process (Khalifa 6). Another important aspect of integrated marketing communication is that the company must have proper internal communication mechanism aimed at ensuring that the departments involved in marketing activity participate in the work. This is important as it enables the company to move ahead in marketing campaign. The internal communication places the company in a situation where the market moves ahead and graduates to the necessary authorities. The next important aspect of the business is to ensure the relevance of the brand (Fill 23). For the integrated marketing communication to be effective in Porsche Dubai, all the departments need to work together to ensure that there is integrated marketing. This is where the company marketing aspects come together with the aim of creating a common front. The common front implies similarity of logos, colors, and typefaces associated with the brand. This is especially important for Porsche brand as the dealership in Dubai also owns dealership for other types of vehic les. Differentiating the vehicles through similar colors and logos, even if their design is different, is imperative (Fill 28). The other major factor in the marketing strategy is to prepare an integrated marketing communication budget. The budget helps in determining the amount of resources needed in the integrated marketing communication. Determining the resources enables the department to focus on cost effective means of marketing, while achieving the best possible results. The integrated budget has to take care of advertising, public relations and promotional activities intended to promote the brand. Integrated marketing requires many resources due to the complexity and integration of all marketing activities into one front (Clow 17). For the integrated marketing communication for Porsche Dubai to be effective, the existing customers must be a part of it. Integrated marketing focuses on data and trends in the market as the satisfied customers have a lot to tell about the brand, and their feedback is very important. Including them in the marketing strategy is important as their testimonials are significant in enhancing the brand visibility and advertising the company brand all over the world (Clow 19). Having put all the mechanisms that support the integrated marketing communication mechanism in place, it is important to formulate better strategies than those previously implemented to reach out to the consumers. Integrated marketing communication is appropriate when it is used to market Porsche in Dubai. The first aspect, when formulating the marketing strategy, is to carry out a research on the market. The research is critical in integrated marketing communication as it provides an insight into the consumer behaviors. It also helps identify the target market of the product without which the work may not be achieved. Identifying the target market is necessary as it ensures that the strategies are formulated with a certain aim of reaching out to the right pe ople. The target market of Porsche is the high-end market with high levels of disposable income. Most of the potential customers earn income and are willing and able to purchase the products at the market price. As indicated earlier, the increased number of the people with disposable income in Dubai calls for the integrated marketing to reach out to all of them. The study will explore the behaviors, tastes as well as preferences of the people with high disposable income. After conducting the market research, the company must use the information derived from it to analyze the behaviors of the target market and look for the ways of the target marketing. The target marketing is a strategy where the messages sent out are not meant for all and sundry but for the people with high disposable income. From the research, information, such as the kind of magazines the people in the target market read, the sports they participate in and the television channels they watch, is very important. Thi s is because in advertising, choosing the appropriate channel of communication to reach out to the target group will be of great importance. The customers will be persuaded to purchase the products in order to meet their needs. Identifying the target group behaviors helps in formulating the events and sponsorships that will expose Porsche brand to the potential buyers (Clow 48). As part of integrated marketing communication, strategy of the company must ensure that it is visible to the growing online community (Pickton 32). Use of websites and Facebook as part of marketing is very important as it helps reach out to the adherents and fans of the model. It also provides a good opportunity for the company to market its products as well as predict the target market (Clow 37). Integrated marketing communication must also take into consideration the need of the company to work together with the manufacturing department. According to the Porsche selling strategy, the customers wait for a o ne year period for the delivery of the car model. With the increased competition, the company manufacturers need to increase the elasticity of demand so that it may handle the increasing orders for the cars. Failure to reduce the waiting period may act as a deterrent to the marketing activities as an increase in the number of vehicles ordered may result in an increased period of waiting (Clow 76). The sponsorships are also an important part of integrated marketing communication because other than offering brand visibility, the sponsorship activities expose the company brand to the public and target group of people. Attracting the Porsche sponsorship of Dubai golf tournament is an important marketing strategy, considering the fact that golf is a luxurious sport, and its participants may have interest in luxurious cars. Sponsorship of any event, which attracts participation, and attention of people with high disposable income are significant for a company (Kerry 7). Showroom marketing is another important integrated marketing communication strategy. The people who visit the showroom are considered as the potential buyers. The attractiveness of the show room is imperative as it needs to have good communication mechanisms to portray or communicate with the buyers (Pickton 29). The visitors are looking for more information, thus the availability of brochures as well as manuals to distribute among the visitors is of high importance. The showroom also provides an opportunity for the company to promote its events, such as the annual road show where the interested buyers get an opportunity to test the cars. It is also an opportunity for the attendants to address the concerns of the potential buyers, such as the price and the warranty issues (Kerry 21). The Porsche members club is an important aspect of integrated marketing communication as it provides an avenue for the company to maintain customer loyalty. Sponsoring dinners and events for the members as well as renewi ng warranty assist the company not only to have the buyers but also sell the new models to the existing ones (Kerry 26). Conclusion Using the integrated marketing is important for any company as it ensures an appropriate time for the brand to address its marketing strategies as well as increase its sales. The integrated marketing communication enables the company to reach out to its potential customers through cost effective methods. It also brings together all the departments as all the aspects of the company play their role in marketing and communicating with the buyers. Works Cited Alnoor, Said. â€Å"Porsche Dubai Road Show A Success.† Dubai Luxury. 7(2008): 6-7. Print Clow, Kenneth. Integrated Advertising For Luxury Items. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. 2003. Print Clow, Kenneth. Integrated Advertising, Promotion, and Marketing Communications 3rd edition. Pearson Education. 2007. Print Fill, Chris. Marketing Communications: Contexts, Strategies and Applications. New York: Pr entice Hall. 2001. Print Kerry, Donald. Integrated Advertising, Promotion, and Marketing Communications , pp. 107. New York: Prentice Hall, 2007. Print Khalifa, Husein. â€Å"Porsche Sponsors Dinner for the Car Owners.† Dubai Luxury. 6(2011): 8-9. Print. Khalifa, Husein. â€Å"Threats of Luxury Car Market in Dubai.† Dubai Luxury. 3(2011): 8-9. Print. Broderick, Amada Pickton, David. Integrated Marketing Communications. New York: Prentice Hall, 2000. Print Strokes, Rob. EMarketing: The Essential Guide To Online Marketing. New Jersey: McGraw Hill, 2008. Print This essay on Promotional Strategy IMC for given Product was written and submitted by user Brooklynn Barlow to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Vaccine Could Protect Against Stroke And Epilepsy Essays

Vaccine Could Protect Against Stroke And Epilepsy Essays Vaccine Could Protect Against Stroke And Epilepsy Vaccine Could Protect Against Stroke And Epilepsy Damage February 25, 2000 A new oral vaccine has offered new hope because of its effectiveness in protecting laboratory rats against brain damage from epilepsy and stroke, and might one day be used to help humans with the same conditions. The vaccine blocks a protein in the brain called NMDA, but does so only when epilepsy or stroke occur. The vaccine is released in the brain as needed and is protected from any side effects. During and colleagues immunized another group of rats and after five months induced stroke in them by blocking an artery in the brain. The rats still experienced strokes, but the size of the brain damage was 70 percent less in immunized rats compared with animals that didn't receive the treatment. This concept could be useful in treating other neurological disorders as well. NMDA is a receptor that responds to the chemical glutamate in the brain, the glutamate/NMDA complex is responsible for many normal brain functions like the development of neurons, learning and memory. Blocking the NMD A receptor in general could have damaging effects. However, the NMDA receptor is also involved in a chain of events that contribute to neurological damage from epilepsy, stroke and head injuries. To create the vaccine, the researchers added the gene that codes for the NMDA receptor to a virus. When this gene and virus combination enter the animal's bloodstream, the immune system creates antibodies to both the virus and NMDA. These antibodies circulate in the blood, but are prevented from entering the brain by the blood brain barrier, a tightly packed group of cells that line blood vessels in the brain. The blood brain barrier is a protective mechanism that prevents many large molecules, such as these antibodies, from entering the brain. Yet during times of neurological insult, like epilepsy and stroke, the blood brain barrier is compromised, and the antibodies do enter the brain. They then seek out and block the NMDA receptor, preventing some brain damage from occurring. Soon afterw ards, the blood brain barrier is restored, and the antibodies no longer have an effect on the brain. The biotechnological aspect of this article is evident because of the lengthy research and use of lab rats to secure the validity of this new approach to reduce the risk of brain damage after seizures or strokes. The scientists involved first isolated a receptor in the brain, understood its functions, and then found a way to block its effects that can be detrimental to the brain after a stroke. Although this new form of treatment has not been tested on humans, I believe that this will lead to some very helpful discoveries. The potential this treatment has is immense and usefulness unknowable. If one of my family members were to have a stroke and come out nothing like his/her former self I would certainly wish that there had been something to prevent the brain damage from occurring. Vaccine Could Protect Against Stroke And Epilepsy Damage February 25, 2000 An oral vaccine has proven to be effective in protecting laboratory rats against brain damage from epilepsy and stroke, and might one day be used to help humans with the same conditions. The vaccine blocks a protein in the brain called NMDA, but does so only when epilepsy or strokes occur. Therefore, the brain is helped by the vaccine in times of need, yet is protected from any side effects like deficits in movement, learning and memory that could result from blocking NMDA during normal brain functioning. ''We've known for a long time about the mind-body connection how the brain talks to the immune system,'' said Dr. Matthew During, professor of neurosurgery at Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia. ''Here, we're saying the opposite the immune system talks to the brain and that can be used as a very powerful tool, almost a scalpel, to target specific receptors in the brain.'' The researchers, led by During, began by giving the vaccine to 100 rats, and a month later, induced epile ptic-like seizures in them with a drug called kainate. Although normally 70 percent of rats given kainate would have seizures, only 20 percent of the rats that were

The Surfeit of Weird Exceptions to the I-Before-E Rule

The Surfeit of Weird Exceptions to the I-Before-E Rule The Surfeit of Weird Exceptions to the I-Before-E Rule The Surfeit of Weird Exceptions to the I-Before-E Rule By Mark Nichol In the chaos of spelling of the English language, some rules provide comfort until you realize that the number of exceptions renders a rule nearly useless as a memory aid. Such is the case with the rule that in vowel pairs, i comes before e except when the pairing follows c. The pairing ie is the default setting: Believe, die, and friend are just a few of the many words that follow the rule. However, exceptions are numerous, as exemplified in the sentence â€Å"Seize their eight feisty neighbors being weird.† And although the order after c is often ei (ceiling, deceit, receive), the order is often inverted (science, species, sufficient). To be more useful, the rule should continue, â€Å"or when pronounced like a long a, as in weigh or like a long e.† The rule that i comes before e except after c is contradicted by the fact that more than twenty times as many words have the letter sequence cie as the sequence cei, so that’s not a very useful rule. Also, the sequence ei often does not follow c. This is true in many categories of words, including the following ten groups: proper names, such as Keith chemical names like caffeine words in which ei is pronounced like a long e, such as leisure (many exceptions, such as piece) words in which ei is pronounced like a schwa (a weak â€Å"uh†), such as forfeit words in which ei is pronounced like a long a, such as weigh (this sound is never spelled ie, except in the American English pronunciation of lingerie) words in which ei is pronounced like a long i, such as height (exceptions include die) rare cases of ei pronounced, for example, like a short a, such as heifer words in which the vowel-and-consonant sound rhyming with ear is pronounced, such as weird (exceptions include pierce) words in which the vowel-and-consonant sound rhyming with heir is pronounced, such as their (this sound is never spelled ier) words in which e and i are each part of a separate syllable (albeit, being, reignite) Ultimately, it may be wise to forget that such a rule exists and always check spelling of words that may have an ie or an ei combination. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:60 Synonyms for â€Å"Walk†Telling a Good Poem from a Bad OneMood vs. Tense

All the Presidents Men Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

All the Presidents Men - Movie Review Example Just as the blockbuster about the shark succeeded precisely because it jettisoned all but the spine of the story on which it was based, so does this real-life suspense thriller benefit from narrowing its focus. The two reasons that the film stops at the midway point of the book are that time constraints simply would not have allowed the entire book to be filmed and, more importantly, because although the film is directed in the style of a mystery, the ending is already known by most filmgoers. As a result, most of the bulk of the second half of the book which details the downfall of the President's men would be viewed as little more than an anticlimax if put on film. The filmmakers made the brilliant decision to not only end their story before it devolved into a numbing lesson on what at the time was very recent history, but they also chose to end the film on a downbeat note for the reporters. The central setting of the story is the offices of the Washington Post; there are only brief and cursory visits to the home life of these reporters. That is essential toward showing that the story is bigger than they are. Even though they grow throughout the film in stature, they are constantly dwarfed by their surroundings, from the huge set of the Post offices to the monuments and landmarks in Washington. This effect of showing that these two really were very little men attempting to break through the walls of a massive system against which few would have thought they could win is most effectively portrayed in the memorable shot in the Library of Congress. The scene begins at the level of the characters as they begin flipping through book borrowing cards. The camera then slowly ascends upward and the two reporters almost get lost as they become as small as ants in the massive maze of corridors and tables of the Library of Congress as seen from its ceiling. The shot is a metaphor f or the process of both investigative journalism in general, and the investigation the most powerful man in the country in particular. Equally effective is the style of editing that contributes to an overpowering sense of isolation from power. The very idea of contemporary editing effects with shots lasting only a few seconds would be counterproductive. The film is primarily a collection of long shots and extended scenes of dialogue punctuated by appropriate moments of silence. What this method accomplishes is creating a sense of dread and fear. Paranoia runs throughout the film, especially in the scenes involving Deep Throat. Deep Throat in the book was, as he had to be, merely a cipher; he had no real personality, existing more as a talking head. Hal Holbrook infuses the character of Deep Throat with a snide and even derisive quality that pumps electricity and humanity into scenes that ran the risk of falling flat. Since Deep Throat's real identity was a mystery when the film was made, the character could have suffered by being characterized too generically. Paradoxically, Deep Throat comes off as one of the mos t human of all the characters and this is partly due to the shadowy atmosphere in which he is filmed. Even a scene as simple at the reporters pulling out a parking lot on the roof and disappearing into the vast expanse of Washington, DC is imbued with hidden horrors. All the President's Men does not just stand as one of the

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Leadership - Essay Example b. CSR has numerous potential benefits for a successful business. It can help companies recruit, retain and cast a positive image on existing and prospective employees. Moreover, it enables companies to avoid interference of government, regulators, tax imposition, pressure groups, court and media. It gives business and edge and creates a unique selling proposition that facilitates and empowers firms to move towards profitability and growth. However, CSR, by many is viewed as a deterrent to liberal trade and the ultimate motive of business; to maximize return to shareholders and an unnecessary added cost to the business. Organizational sustainability helps businesses reduce cost and risks associated with the business. It increases efficiency and improves reputation of the company. On the downside, it may not offer flexibility to the company. c. Body Shop is a valid example of an organization that is committed and stanch to corporate social responsibility.

Mergers and Acquisitions in SME Lending

Mergers and Acquisitions in SME Lending CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION In the process of industrialization small business plays an important and economic growth. It increases per capital income and output, makes available employments for the labour market and usually promotes successful deployment of resources which are considered vital to steering of economic development and growth. It is presumed that the lower income segments of Nigeria benefit when SMEs have better access to finances because they alleviate poverty by creating more jobs and better wages. ( Emeni and Okafor 2008). In many of the developed economies and developing economies both have come to value, realise and appreciate small businesses. Being that small business are pioneering, well-organized, resourceful and allows fast decisions process to be taken because of their relative small size. They are major players in the process of industrialization and economic development. ( Ememi and Okafor, 2008) In most up-and-coming nation of the world, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have become the vanguard of economic expansion. They create employment opportunities as the most significant employer of labour force; in addition they increase the nations per capital income and output invariably increasing the GDP by effective resource utilization. Also in large developed nations, SMEs plays a noteworthy role in influencing the economy. Taking China for example, SMEs are said to be accountable for sixty percent of the industrial output employing seventy-five percent of the workforce in the metropolitan centres. ( Anas A.Galadima, 2006). All over the world and in all country, government have come to realise the significant of this class of companies. And as such have originated all-inclusive policies to encourage, give confidence, support and promote the establishment of SMEs. Improvements in small and medium enterprise are a plus for employment generation, solid entrepreneurial base and encouragement for the use of local raw materials and technology. (Oladele, 2009). There are a lot of challenges that SMEs face in both the developed and developing countries and they are massive. One main aspect is financing, the ability to obtain and acquire loans. Most small businesses are not attractive prospects for banks. Berger et al. ( 1998) suggest that larger banks may be less predisposed than smaller banks with less complex structure, to supply credit to small businesses. Back home in Nigeria the talk is very similar with the on-going of other country. But of late the Bankers Committee intervened in 2001 with a scheme called the Small and Medium Industries Equity Investment Scheme (SMIEIS). The idea brought life and empowerment to SMEs discarding all other credit schemes which were not properly implemented. (Aina, O. 2007). Nigerian banking reform is a product of global effort and consolidation is one of its major achievement that everyone have welcomed happily. This consolidation wave has greatly enhance the average magnitude and size of banking institution generally. The mean size of the total assets of banks has increased by 439% from 2003 – 2009, recording =N=2767.78 billion to =N=14,923.00 billion banks total assets figure (CBN report 2009). Prior to the introduction of banking reform, the banking sector was repulsively undersized, small, weak and frail, leading to numerous and several economic setback. Besides the benefits related to consolidation on the supply of credit to small and medium enterprises, merger and acquisition have also increase the size of banks from small less complex establishment to conglomerate multinational companies in Nigeria. These includes mobilization of domestic savings, improved allocation of resources, elimination of deep-rooted inefficiency , mobilization of foreign savings and above all enhanced accessibility of small scale funding. But in all these what is less comprehensible, is the effect that bank MA has on the supply of credit to small businesses in Nigeria.(Emeni and Okafor, 2008). Related Literature Other related studies have established some well renowned facts on the effect of consolidation on small business lending. In a recent article Berger, Allen N., R. Demsetz and P. Strahan. (1999) suggest that consolidation is only valuable and favourable to a certain extent. The consequences of consolidation could have direct and also indirect effects. The direct effect being an increases in bank size, increase in market share and enhance bank performance, the indirect effect can be a reduction in the availability of financial services to small businesses. (Berger, Allen N. R. Demsetz and P. Strahan. 1999). Other studies Vera and Onji (2010) illustrate that because most small businesses depend greatly on less complex small banking institution for their principal source of funding, consolidation of the banking industry may reduce ease of access of loans to small business in the US. Earlier researchers find that small businesses have not been unfavourably affected by bank merger and acquisition on making credit available to small business (Peek and Rosengren 1995, 1998; Berger et al. 1995). This is because these studies relied on data up to the mid-1990, while data as at 1995-1997 being the peak of consolidation were not fully employed. This has proven to be of interest to further scrutinize whether the new wave of consolidation may affect small businesses differently. In view of this importance piece of information and the imperfection of the market mechanism to mobilise and allocate financial resources to socially desirable economic activities of any nation it is worthwhile to investigate the relationship between merger and acquisition and credit availability. Based on the above background, the enthusiasm and motivation of this research is to critically scrutinize and observe if there is any relationship, or connection between bank mergers and acquisitions as a resourceful solution to lending. This study, therefore, want to investigate and find evidence that consolidation between banks of diver structure and asset base that occurred as a result of the Nigerian banking reform of 2004, could negatively affect small business lending. This is the reason why we choose to examine the effect of MA to SMEs in Nigeria. Aim and Objective Aim The main purpose of this dissertation is to examine whether bank mergers and acquisitions are a resourceful solution to lending to SMEs. As a result the main research question is: Do banks mergers and acquisitions increase or decrease credit availability to SMEs? This leads to a number of sub-questions: Does financial performance in the banking sector adversely affected small business lending after MA occurs? What other factors affects or is responsible for credit availability to SMEs from the Nigerian banks? To present key findings and recommendation based on data analysis and information collected. Research Methodology There are several research methods that could have been used in this work, such as a Questionnaire based survey through the distribution of questionnaire. Carrying out direct interviews with Small business owner and Bank managers or loan officers is also an effective means to collection of data information. Since the main purpose of this study is to examine if bank mergers and acquisitions increase or decrease credit availability to SME, we will be using accounting based financial ratio analysis. The use of financial ratio in measuring a banks performance and its effectiveness to distinguish high-performance banks from others is quite common in the literature (Abdulla, 1994a; Samad, 2004a). Data Sample Ten Nigerian commercial banks which have effectively been consolidated with other smaller banks will be considered in this study over the period of 2000-2009 based on the following reasons: First, these banks are long established locally incorporated banks in Nigeria. Secondly they have been involved in the consolidation process from small bank to mega banks, passing through the premerger phase up to the post merger phase. Thirdly the period 2000-2009 effectively covers the span before consolidation and after consolidation. The data that will be used in this study is taken from Bank Scope. The annual financial statement of the top ten commercial banks based on their asset base. All the figures are expressed in Naira (=N=) the Nigeria indigenous currency. Since one of our aims is to examine whether the amount of small business lending is affected by the new consolidation legislation passed by Nigeria government on bank reform, we will also be comparing the figures from the statutory reserve. This is mandatory for all commercial banks in Nigeria to invest 10% of their profit before tax to Small and Medium Enterprise Equity Investment Scheme. It is more likely that we will capture the total amount of small business lending that is actually supplied to small businesses within Nigeria. Dissertation Structure The dissertation is split into five chapters: Chapter one is the introduction of the dissertation topic, related studies and the motivation for the choice of the dissertation Chapter two focuses on the Nigeria banking sector, how the banking sector has developed in Nigeria over the years. Covering the history of the Nigerian banking sector divided into four periods: the budding period, the expansion period, the consolidated period and the post-consolidated period. High lighting major financial developments from liberalisation that saw the existence of 87 banks to the consolidation of banks by the Central Bank of Nigeria deadline of 2005. Chapter three is a literature review on academic literature and analytical view on merger and acquisition and its theory in banking. This chapter aims at providing a complete picture of bank mergers and acquisitions (MAs) in the theory of banking and at offering economic evaluation and strategic analyses of the process. The main characteristics of this process is how it has affected lending to small business Chapter four introduces the Small and Medium Enterprises, what they are, why they exist. This Section will review some recent literature that is particularly relevant to the effect of bank consolidation on small business lending. Chapter five discusses the empirical results, in which the main findings of the performance of the banks during the period 2002 – 2009 are analysed. This last chapter, Chapter six concludes and highlights the limitations of the study and recommendations for the future research Summary We have been able to introduce the topic of the dissertation and the motivation behind why it was considered important to investigate funding of the small and medium enterprises. Small business play vital role in the process of industrialization and economic growth. It is presumed that the lower income segments of Nigeria benefit when SMEs have better access to finances because they alleviate poverty by creating more jobs and better wages. Developments in small and medium enterprise are a plus for employment generation, solid entrepreneurial base and encouragement for the use of local raw materials and technology. Governments all over the world have realised the importance of this category of companies and have formulated comprehensive public policies to encourage, support and fund the establishment of SMEs. The most worrying challenges facing SMEs in many developing countries is funding. In the next chapter we will be reviewing the Nigerian banking system. We will be looking at a brief history of the Nigerian banking system dividing its growth into four phases, and see how it has evolved from many smaller banks into fewer mega banks. We shall also be looking at the major regulators of this industry and see how they have effectively influence the actions that has lead to merger and acquisition in the banking industry. Also see how the merger and acquisition phase has influenced lending to the small business through the new monetary policies on SMEEIS and Microfinance banks to aid economic growth, which is the main aim of this dissertation.

Managerial Skills – Essay

This essay will argue that without good managerial skills, a business is far from becoming successful. Firstly, this essay will discuss the importance of: communicating with foreign colleagues, wielding dealt Influence and delving attention deliberately to enhance proficiency of the workers, Secondly, It will evaluate and analyses how effective the three skills are In today's dynamic work environment. Based on some examples, the problems faced by managers will be transparent, and what precautions need to be taken should also be visible to help improve managerial skills.Communication for managers is the most important skill managers need to adapt fore any other skill because, if a manager is not flawless in communicating with colleagues or workers, then simply a manager has failed to be a manager. Communication is essential for effective functioning in every part of an organization which will facilitate organizational success (Effective Communication in the workplace, 2012). For examp le, Millions, (2012), a Korean CEO running a software company In Shanghai Is facing difficulties In retailing the Chinese workers.The mall problem faced by the CEO is language barrier so the decision- making process becomes tough for the CEO. Due to this effect, there will be an unskilled management team and this may result in boredom of the workers, delay in organizations project deadlines, reduced profits and lastly goodwill of the organization will be hampered. Without communication in today's environment, managerial work is not tough, it's merely impossible. Communication may be of two types, it may be verbal or non- verbal, managers need to be effective on both cases.Managers should be able to communicate non-verbally as good as they may communicate verbally. This is because sometimes agreements between businesses are sometimes done non- urbanely, In this case managers should be able to set out clearly his requirements and the terms and conditions of the agreement and also unde rstand clearly the opposing terms and conditions, otherwise the manager will cause a great mishap for the business and this will result in an adverse effect on reputation for the manager.A When all members of a team, department, or organization are able to communicate effectively with each other and with people outside their group, they are much more likely to perform well. The successful manager, therefore, needs effective communication skills in order to have a good workplace, become successful and attain the goals of the organization. Even though communication is the most important factor for a success seeking manager, nowadays digital influence is also one of the main factors which need to be taken into consideration by the managers.Technology in the workplace allows businesses to expand quickly and efficiently. Business technology such as video conferencing, social networks and virtual office technology has removed workplace boundaries that previously limited business expansion . With business technology, companies can target a wider customer base and grow to higher levels. A manager deeds to be flexible/adaptable to change in different environments (Required skills of a manager, 2012). A manager who is not familiar with latest technology, there will be less room for improvement for the organization.Most work nowadays is being done electronically, data analysis is done electronically and because of technology, information has become readily available to make better decisions and improvements. Digital influence has actually reduced the per head workforce needed at an organization, this means, a work that used to take two to three people to get done now can be done by one person using a computer. Office technology saves time by speeding up the work flow process. Technology systems save space, paper and printing costs. The use of computer systems allow corrections to be made instantly.Resources like electronic files and access to information technology are av ailable with the click of a button. By reducing the number of workers and using more technology, expenses for the organizations will fall resulting in increased profits. Technology in the workplace practically eliminates space and time. Video conferencing technology lets businesses on any part of the globe interact with one another. Technology reduces travel costs because businesses can set up virtual meetings and distribute data without the need to be in the same room. Technology allows businesses to establish a global presence at a fraction of the cost.Cromwell, (2009), sates a very important fact, ‘The role that technology plays for the business sector cannot be taken for granted. If we were to take away that technology trade and commerce, the world will come to a standstill and the global economy would collapse'. It is almost impossible to conduct a business without the use of technology. A simple example an be used, Dreamers, the founder and chief technology officer of Hu bbubs (web marketing company) has 216,000 Linked group for entrepreneurs and 98,000 twitter followers. How is this relevant to digital influence?Well, Dreamers uses his Linked members to get multi-rater feedback from other entrepreneurs for Stack overflow and also hosts Q community through where he gets valuable information for improvements. By doing this, Dreamers has managed to build his reputation, specialization and network position to one of the world's best marketing company (3 Management Skills every 21st century manager needs, 2012). This is why digital influence is necessary for every manager to become successful and achieve the Lastly, dividing attention deliberately, in other words attention to detail is also important for managers.At work places, people's minds normally drift away, this is normal as our minds are meant to multi task. Research has shown that internal factors (business related stress) rather than external factors (social stress) cause distractions. How can this be resolved? Managers need to focus on detail and make a job as less stressful as possible for employers, like when an employee takes a break o use social networks like Backbone or Twitter at a workplace, normally managers don't accept this type of behaviors, they consider it distracting. Actually, a study at the University of Melbourne of 300 students resulted in a really fascinating outcome.It showed that even though people use internet at workplace for socializing, their productivity increases by 10% (3 Management Skills every 21st century manager needs, 2012). There are other ways managers could actually increase effectiveness to become successful. Managers could have regular meetings with staff members, insult why there is a lack of performance, create pairs of employees so they may double-check work for errors and also managers may provide incentives for toughness (How to improve attention to detail in employees, 2012).Managers need to create a friendly environment for w orkers so they are not undermined by stress. Managers need to think from the organizations perspective, how the goals can be achieved and how effectively and efficiently they can be achieved. Managers to have a great skill for dividing attention deliberately, which is known as ‘Satisfying sessions', this means choose the first satisfactory alternative that comes to their attention and allocate work accordingly (Shoehorning, p. 75).Three major abilities managers need to consider in order to become successful: communicating effectively, technology innovation, and attention to detail. To conclude, managers who do not have the skills cited above will have a hard time in coping with the business world today, managers are responsible for making sure that this happens. If a team is working really hard but not delivering what is needed, then they are not effective. Effectiveness is measured by setting out clear objectives before work starts and then evaluating whether the objectives h ave been met or not.Managers not only need to be good at what they do, but their level of communication should be high in order to be an effective manager and by acquiring the three key skills, managers are well set off to becoming prosperous. In management, operating in efficient and in effective ways is a key to good performance and to successfully reaching the goals set for the business. Looking at the interplay of the two characteristics can give a clear insight into the ideal behavior for a successful anger when faced with tasks which must be completed quickly, but also completed in such a way that the key goals are attained.